| The Role and Significance of Biomarker for Plasma G-CSF in Patients with Primary Lung Cancer. |
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Jung Sub Song, So Young Kim, Hyang Jeong Jo, Kang Kyoo Lee, Jeong Hyun Shin, Seong Nam Shin, Dong Kim, Seong Hoon Park, Young Jin Lee, Chang Bo Ko, Mi Kung Lee, Soon Ho Choi, Jong Hoon Jeong, Jung Hyun Park, Hui Jung Kim, Hak Ryul Kim, Eun Taik Jeong, Sei Hoon Yang |
1Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea. yshpul@wonkwang.ac.kr
2Department of Pathology, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
3Department of Therapeutic Radiology & Oncology, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
4Department of Radiology, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
5Department of Clinical Pathology, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
6Good Cell Life, Inc., Seoul, Korea.
7Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea. |
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| Abstract |
BACKGROUND
Biomarkers for cancer have several potential clinical uses, including the following: early cancer detection, monitoring for recurrence prognostication, and risk stratification. However, no biomarker has been shown to have adequate sensitivity and specificity. Many investigators have tried to validate biomarkers for the early detection and recurrence of lung cancer. To evaluate plasma G-CSF as such a biomarker, protein levels were measured and were found to correlate with the clinicopathological features of primary lung tumors. METHODS: Between December 2006 and May 2008, 100 patients with histologically-validated primary lung cancer were enrolled into this study. To serve as controls, 127 healthy volunteers were enrolled into this study. Plasma G-CSF levels were measured in lung cancer patients using the sandwich ELISA system (R & D inc.) prior to treatment. RESULTS: The mean plasma G-CSF levels were 12.2+/-0.3 pg/mL and 46.0+/-3.8 pg/mL (mean+/-SE) in the normal and in the cancer groups, respectively. In addition, plasma G-CSF levels were higher in patients with early lung cancer than in healthy volunteers (p<.001). Plasma G-CSF levels were higher in patients who were under 65 years old or smokers. Within the cancer group, plasma G-CSF levels were higher in patients with non small cell lung cancer than in patients with small cell lung cancer (p<.05). Overall, plasma G-CSF levels were shown to increase dependent upon the type of lung cancer diagnsosed. In the order from highest to lowest, the levels of plasma G-CSF tended to decrease in the following order: large cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Plasma G-CSF levels tended to be higher in patients with advanced TNM stage than in localized TNM stage (I, II
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| Key Words:
Biological markers, Lung neoplasms, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, Metastasis |
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